Product Development Management Conference

Question: Discuss about the Product Development Management Conference. Answer: Introduction: Performance management is a wide and a complicated process in the function of Human Resources (HR) team. It comprises of the activities such as complex setting of goals, constant review regarding the progress of the firm and an effective communication process involving the process of feedback. It also includes improvised performance concerning the mentoring of the employees, developing new programs to educate employees, bringing out the potential of the workers, and rewarding them for achieving more than the target goal (Van Dooren, Bouckaert and Halligan, 2015). Thus, it can be defined as the systematic process by which the entire organization benefits from the benefaction of the training that is received by the employees. A continuous communication process happens between the employees and the supervisors all the year round and is cyclical in nature (De Waal, 2013). Strategic Human Resource Management deals with the profitability of the firm. It is concerned with the identification of the internal as well as the external factors that enables the firm to have a competitive advantage over others. To achieve this feat, the firm needs to efficiently manage the costs and operate on lean or alternate resources, which will be beneficial for the firm in terms of profit. It depends on two resources, the first one is the human capital which deals with the knowledge, abilities and the skills of the employees. The second form of resource is the policies and the practices that are needed to support the human capital (Armstrong and Taylor, 2014). It consists of development of the descriptions regarding the jobs and the plans to enhance the performance of the employees, which directly results in the key areas of actions. The selection process is very important because the right employees are needed to carry out the specific job that is given to them. The performance standards in regards to the outcome of the job need to be measured in an appropriate manner and a benchmark needs to be set so that the goal of the organization can be achieved. To enhance the performance of the employees continuous coaching needs to be given to the employees and a proper feedback is required during and after the mentoring process is over. The organization should discuss with its employees on a regular basis regarding the outcome of the employees and the factors that led to it. The employees should always remain motivated and the promotions in the organization need to happen on a yearly basis so that the driving factor does not leave the employees (Yawar and Seuring, 2015). When the employees want to quit the firm, certain interviews need to be conducted to identify the reason of their departure. The process of performance management helps an individual to identify its potential keeping in mind the missions and objectives that the organization sets and the rewarding practices that the employee gets after the completion of those. By setting clear-cut expectations regarding the performance such as the actions and the behaviors, it helps the individuals to understand the job expectations in setting the standards and eliminating the factors that are not required to carry out that specific job (Bridoux, Smith and Grimm, 2013). The main aim is to build the relationship between the individuals and the team of employers so that they can jointly take the responsibility in improving the process of business and at the same time upgrades the skills of the employees within a management structure. The objectives of the performance management are that to enable the employees achieve better standards regarding the performance of the work (Frederiksen and Knudsen, 2014). The employees need to be assisted to identify the skills and knowledge that are required to perform the activity in an efficient manner so that the focus can remain on the right task. The employees should be boosted by carrying out employee empowerment programs and implementations of the reward mechanisms. A good communication system needs to be maintained so that the employees can clarify any doubts regarding the tasks and proper feedbacks need to be followed so that the employees are aware of the performance enhancement techniques. The barriers that can hinder the performance of the individuals need to be identified through proper tutoring so that it does cause any problem to the performing factor. The personal knowledge of the employees needs to be promoted and enhanced so that they have proper goals in their career regarding their skills (Armstrong and Taylor, 2014). There are also some concerns, which the organization needs to keep in mind. The organization needs to be fast in reviewing the results of the employees who have achieved their targets. They also need to chalk out the plans needed in the business in advance so that the future of the company is secured. Learning activities and programs needs to be developed on a regular basis so that the employees receive the best quality training that is present in the market. The superiors have to be free in mixing with the employees so that the communication process can be in two ways and not a dictatorial type of communication. The decision making process should be transparent and communicated to all the staffs so that they know in which way and how to proceed to the targets (Shields et al., 2015). The components of this system are divided in to six parts. Firstly, the performance planning process which is the most important process. It is done to ensure that the employees can have a proper view of the targets that are set and the areas on which they will be performing all the year round within a specific budget (Cummings and Worley, 2014). Secondly, the appraisals that are performed in an organization are twice a year in the form of mid review and annual reviews. The entire review process sees an active participation of the employees and the appraisers together and they discuss about the drawbacks in the performance and how it can be overcome. Thirdly, the process of communication and counseling is very important as it helps the organization in maintaining a free-flow of information between the management and the employees. The employees need to have an open and a transparent feedback process so that the top authorities can understand the problems that are faced by them in the organization and the allocation of proper training can be done only after that. The fourth process deals with the compensations that is given to the employees when they reach their targets in the form of rewards. In this process, the deserving employees are made to stand out in front of the whole organization and their efforts are recognized and rewarded. This has a direct influence on the self-esteem of the employees and it motivates them to work harder and achieve better things in life (Mone and London, 2014). The fifth process deals with the plans that are required in order to improve the performance strategy of the employees. This can happen through proper guidance and training that includes daily workshops conducted by experts to bring out the best from the employees. The sixth stage involves the appraisals that are required such as the vertical and lateral movements in the organization. This helps in identifying the potentials of the employees and the promotions that are gran ted are only to boost the morale of the employees and lose the monotonous habit of working in the same field (Cho and Korte, 2014). The Woolworths group in Australia is a classic example for the role they played in managing the performances of the employees. The company has promoted many individuals who have worked in the integral part of the organization. The growth rate is supposed to be more than thirty percent who have switched the roles in lateral movements and around eight percent of the executives have moved from one location to the other and in different divisions. The ability to retain the staffs is so high that most of the members present and past of around forty five hundred plus members is in the 25-year club. The employees in the firm have a flexible time frame as the company keeps in the mind the needs of the individuals and the balance between work and life is maintained thoroughly. The company also undertakes health programs such as the Weight Watchers and the Quit programs so that the employees are benefitted from these programs. The company also took the pain to vaccinate the employees against f lu, which was at one point widespread in certain parts of the country. The company also offers workshops on how to control stress and the health of employees and heart problems and how to tackle them (Woolworths.co.za, 2017). The remuneration of the company is also good as it gives proper incentives to the employees who have met their targets and achieved the goals that were allocated to them. The company offers remuneration in two structures such as the short-term incentive plan (STIP) and the long-term incentive plan (LTIP) respectively. The STIP is available to all the managerial employees who are on a salaried basis and the LTIP is offered to those employees who have a long-term interest for the benefit of the company. The company offers a variety of incentive policies to retain its employees and maintain a proper culture in their performance. The company reviews the performance of the employees on an annual basis from the managers and discusses the plans and targets that are se t by the company based on the key performance indicators (KPI). The company does this annual review to set the targets for the employees for the next financial year. The company also focuses on the training of the employees and provides day-to-day management training to its core employees and the forefront managers. Personal Leadership programs that are conducted by the company help the employees to find their inner potential and effectively manage the course of the work in a systematic manner (Woolworthsholdings.co.za, 2017). Another example is the Qantas Airlines which is an Australian company serving in the airlines sector. The workforce in the company is very diverse and includes the multicultural and the contemporary aspects of the nation. The employees are mainly indigenous to the nation, they receive proper training, and guidance through a firm called CareerTrackers, which is in a partnership with the airlines company. The company provides flexibility in regards to the workplace and the arrangement of the workplace related to the corporate and operation areas. The HR team selects and appoints the best candidates based on their merits and develops them through intense training programs so that the candidates are ready to join the team as soon as possible. The company also creates an environment of work that supports the employees and enables them to bring out the best work possible. The employees are reviewed on the basis of the performance that they deliver on the workplace both at the individual an d the team levels respectively (Eqextportal.qantas.com.au, 2017). The company undertakes certain programs and workshops to let the employees identify their talents and to enhance their work according to the qualifications that they were hired for. The remuneration that the company pays to its employees are all based on the qualifications and the role they play in the company according to their basis of performance. The amount needs to reasonable and competitive to enable people to get attracted, motivated and to retain the employees that are currently working in the company. The company also organizes various internal programs so that the employees are congratulated when they achieve their targets. The employees are encouraged to compete with each other so that they put their best foot forward irrespective of the race, gender and the disability factor if any (Qantas.com, 2017). Therefore, to conclude performance management strategy the human resource team of a company needs to be well informed and updated on the daily proceedings of the company. The team needs to actively participate in the recruitment process of the company so that the best workers are hired in the company to get the output that the firm desires. The team should organize proper programs that will indicate the potential that the employees have and apply it in to the work place (Goetsch and Davis, 2014). When some of the employees want to leave the firm, the HR team needs to find out the causes that are responsible for the people to quit the organization and the solutions needs to be provided to prevent the future extermination of the employees. This gives a competitive advantage over other firms to the company. The competition to get inside the company is very fierce due to the best remuneration rate it provides in the entire market and due to the training and practical methods that is done for the welfare of the employees keeping in mind that the employees reciprocate them with the best efforts in the work place. The reward systems that the company uses are also advantageous in the market because it gives an upper hand to the employees that are working and striving to get those rewards (Barney, 2014). Therefore, it pushes the employees to its maximum limit to bring out the best in the interest of the firm. Reference List Armstrong, M. and Taylor, S., 2014.Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Barney, J., 2015. 15 Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage.International Business Strategy: Theory and Practice, p.283. Bridoux, F., Smith, K.G. and Grimm, C.M., 2013. The management of resources temporal effects of different types of actions on performance.Journal of Management,39(4), pp.928-957. Cho, T. and Korte, R., 2014. Managing knowledge performance: testing the components of a knowledge management system on organizational performance.Asia Pacific Education Review,15(2), pp.313-327. Cummings, T.G. and Worley, C.G., 2014.Organization development and change. Cengage learning. De Waal, A., 2013.Strategic Performance Management: A managerial and behavioral approach. Palgrave Macmillan. Eqextportal.qantas.com.au. (2017). Workforce Performance Management Overview (Oracle HRMS). [online] Available at: https://eqextportal.qantas.com.au/OA_HTML/help/state/content/navId.2/navSetId.iHelp/vtAnchor.sintwpm/vtTopicFile.iHelp%7CHelpServlet%7CUS%7Cper%7C@sintwpm/ [Accessed 12 Jan. 2017]. Frederiksen, M.H. and Knudsen, M.P., 2014. An Empirical Assessment of the Links between Creative Actions and Performance in Innovation Projects. InProceedings of the 20th International Product Development Management Conference. European Institute for Advanced Studies in Management. Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014.Quality management for organizational excellence. pearson. Mone, E.M. and London, M., 2014.Employee engagement through effective performance management: A practical guide for managers. Routledge. Qantas.com. (2017). Corporate Governance | Qantas. [online] Available at: https://www.qantas.com/travel/airlines/governance-structure/global/en [Accessed 12 Jan. 2017]. Shields, J., Brown, M., Kaine, S., Dolle-Samuel, C., North-Samardzic, A., McLean, P., Johns, R., Robinson, J., O'Leary, P. and Plimmer, G., 2015.Managing Employee Performance Reward: Concepts, Practices, Strategies. Cambridge University Press. Van Dooren, W., Bouckaert, G. and Halligan, J., 2015.Performance management in the public sector. Routledge. Woolworths.co.za. (2017). Make your performance appraisal matter | Woolworths.co.za. [online] Available at: https://www.woolworths.co.za/store/fragments/article/article-index.jsp?contentId=cmp202030 [Accessed 12 Jan. 2017]. Woolworthsholdings.co.za. (2017). Woolworths Holdings Limited. [online] Available at: https://www.woolworthsholdings.co.za/investor/annual_reports/ar2011/sustainability/governance/values.asp [Accessed 12 Jan. 2017]. Yawar, S.A. and Seuring, S., 2015. Management of social issues in supply chains: a literature review exploring social issues, actions and performance outcomes.Journal of Business Ethics, pp.1-23.

New Step by Step Roadmap for Term Paper Subjects

New Step by Step Roadmap for Term Paper Subjects The Principles of Term Paper Subjects That You Can Learn From Starting Immediately There are a number of ways in which you'll be able to ensure decent topic selection for you research paper. When you have answered that question, you are prepared to go. If you're fighting to get a topic for your research paper, utilize the offered suggestions. The solution to your research question is going to be your thesis statement. The Little-Known Secrets to Term Paper Subjects The wide variety of topics for research papers is what you were searching for! When you're writing a research paper for a college class, you need to come up with a rather specific topic. If you're fighting to get a topic for your research project in Ethics, don't hesitate to use our advice. The term papers ought to be in sync with the authentic info and studies that have been done before. 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Essay Topics For Class 10

Essay Topics For Class 10You are going to need a lot of practice on your essay topics for class 10 for both the written and oral section. I would say that in all likelihood you won't ever be able to write an essay for any other class. There is just too much data that you need to analyze, to take into account, for an analysis essay.If you are going to do this in a college, you need to think about the purpose of your essay; what do you want your professor to know about your class? What can you talk about in an essay that can not be talked about in a typical one? What do you want to cover and why? You can't just go into a class and talk about how your professor is a bad teacher or that your professor is ignorant, if you aren't going to talk about your purpose for writing.You can get an idea of what you need to put into your essay topics by taking a look at your class. Is there one thing that is your class and that you have strong opinions about? Are there topics that you have strong opi nions about and that you have strong feelings about?Just talking about your class will help you come up with some ideas of what you should include in your essay topics. The question that you really need to ask yourself is why you think that you should write the essay.It seems to me that it is the writer's job to not only come up with a good topic, but it is also the writer's job to keep it brief. The most successful essays are the ones that are not too long and the ones that are very concise.When you are getting ready to write your essay topics for class 10, you may find that it is necessary to read a few of the articles that are available online and to ask your teacher about what material they used for their essay topics. Hopefully you won't have to copy their work, but you might be able to use it as a guide on what you need to include in your essay topics for classes 10.Make sure that you take the time to do some research and that you make a plan to work through your difficult tim es. It is only through good times, that you can learn how to write for expository essays and an essay topic for any type of class.

The Most Popular Research Paper Topics

The Most Popular Research Paper TopicsSo, what are the most popular research paper topics that you may want to research? Do you have an opinion or just want to find the most popular research paper topics for different areas of interest?Have you ever heard of the famous saying, 'A man is only as good as his last job?' The quote comes from legendary comedian Jack Benny, who was a favorite of many comedians, especially Mort Sahl. It's usually associated with a single story where an African American actor was trying to pass for white. The movie is based on the origin of the line.The favorite of many writers, on the other hand, is the popularity of 'National Top 40'. The U.S. National Top 40 is a catchy phrase that refers to the monthly chart of the most popular songs, with a little help from radio and TV stations. In the days before the Internet, national charts were found by calling radio stations and TV stations and asking if they had an update on any particular song. This is how many researchers know that their favorite songs are on the chart.Next is the national holidays, especially Christmas and New Year's. So, the four most popular research paper topics about these days are: Christmas, the presidential election and the number of New Year's Eve's. The Beatles are considered the band of the 20th century, and there are several Beatles trivia sites. The musical genre of rock was also very popular in the late 70's and early 80's. Some of the research paper topics about the Beatles are: how many days and hours are in a song, the Beatles' top three most popular albums, and who was the hardest working member of the band.There are many resources about many classic film. Some ofthe popular topics include: 'Terminator', 'The Texas Chainsaw Massacre', 'Psycho', 'The Land Before Time', 'The Land Before Time 2', 'The Last Starfighter', 'The Land Before Time 3', 'The Twilight Zone', 'The West Wing', 'Back to the Future', 'Bubba Ho-Tep', 'Back to the Future Part II', 'Nightm are Before Christmas', 'Indiana Jones' films and so many more. It's quite common to see a movie from the last few years in the top ten most popular movie topics on the Internet. Of course, as with Christmas and other holidays, you can also research about some popular comic book superheroes.The topic of fashion, which goes beyond the basics of clothing, jewelry and shoes, includes: popular books about clothes, most-asked questions about the most-famous-women-in-the-world, as well as links to the latest news in terms of clothes and styles. The most popular choices include; 'The Great Gatsby', 'Looking at Madonna: The Very Best', 'The Famous Five: How They Rock and How They Roll', 'Girly Girls: The Very Best of Booksellers', 'Interview with...', 'Book Review: Animal Kingdom','100 New York Times Best Sellers - Celebrities and Their Obsession for New York's History Books', 'Who was the first woman to invent America? ', 'The Many Faces of Eva Peron', 'Meet the New Man of the Week: Superma n' and many more. The Internet and other resources can provide you with the first draft of your research paper topic.One man's trash is another man's treasure. I've been doing research for various academic jobs for about 20 years and have developed an unusual way of comparing notes. I usually don't care what the topic is; the main thing is the last time I researched a topic. That way, I always know where I stand.

Essay Tips - Find The Best Road Trip Essay Sample

Essay Tips - Find The Best Road Trip Essay SampleAn essay that makes a good road trip essay sample should be a multi-leveled perspective that includes an understanding of the traveler and her experience along the way. This type of essay focuses on what the traveler is experiencing and how this experience has changed her and how she perceives the world around her.As a student, you will have to define the perspective you want to write in your road trip essay. Be sure to consider the type of person you are writing for as well as the group of people you will be speaking to. It can be more helpful to write about yourself when writing your essays, especially if you are writing an essay for college credit. You can also use your personal experiences or knowledge to help make your story clear and to add your personal opinion.The road trip essay sample that makes a good road trip essay sample will provide examples from the past in which the writer saw the situation from the perspective of othe rs. A summary of the situations and observations, as well as other information, that help add depth to the essay will help improve your chances of receiving college credit. These kinds of essays include stories and specific facts and details that a reader will not easily be able to disregard.A road trip essay sample will also help you learn more about your subject matter, specifically if you are writing on a topic that includes travel. Most universities require that you write an essay on at least one aspect of the college course syllabus. If you are not writing on your subject matter but are trying to get college credit, you may want to know the syllabus so that you will have more direction as you write.Another part of a road trip essay sample is finding a topic that is interesting and original. There are hundreds of topics you can write about, but you must narrow it down to a few that you can write about that will provide more information about your subject. It can be difficult to find a topic that is suitable because there are so many different types of travel, and it is important to make your road trip essay sample unique from the others.If you have experienced road trips before, you will want to make a road trip essay sample that shows your own experience, not something you learned from someone else. This type of essay will show you what you are most proud of and why. It can also show you areas that you can improve on so that you can create your own memories and take your trips to the next level.As you prepare for your road trip essay sample, it is important to focus on what you want to talk about and what you want to gain from the experience. Use these tips to make sure you write the best essay you can.

Linguistics in Educational Programs

Introduction The discovery of some oil reserve in the state of California gives the chance to confront a hot-button issue in California. The demand by the California Indian Council to have the Bilingual Education Programs brought back in exchange for access to the oil reserves located in the Indian reservations land is in order and quite timely indeed.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Linguistics in Educational Programs specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As I will review later in this paper, the Indian culture has continuously been eroded, and it is almost becoming extinct. Language is a very significant means of ensuring that culture stream down to the next generation. The native Indians, therefore, have all the rights to demand for the preservation of their culture by trying to ensure that their language is preserved. In this paper, I purpose to show why there is a need for every person to rally behind the Califor nia Indian Council in fighting for the return of bilingual education programs. The Bilingual Education Program It is worth noting that since the oil reserve is in the Indian Reservations Lands thus a private property, the council has all the rights to make such demands. The state on its part cannot force its way into the land as that will be going against the constitution. The oil reserve volume in the private land has not been confirmed, but it is highly suspected that the amount available is enough to commission exploitation. Exploration of this huge oil reserve will be a huge relief to the U.S. in general as this will go a long way to alleviate the energy shortage that is often felt in the U.S. The offering of the Bilingual Education Programs in exchange for the exploration of oil reserves is a good idea and meant for the common good for all the Americans. In adopting this approach, I am likely to confront a number of legal issues, which will definitely be brought by this approac h. The first reaction will likely come from the other minority groups that might feel secluded and discriminated against by this action. The other minority groups will likely view the Bilingual Education Programs as a preference treatment of some section of the public and to rectify that, they may in turn demand to be offered similar services.Advertising Looking for essay on linguistics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In anticipation of such a move from the other minority groups, I will consider the reinstitution of the Bilingual Education Programs. I believe that all people should be treated equally, and therefore, I will put in more effort to ensure that all the minority groups enjoy the Bilingual Education Programs. The inclusion of all the minority tribes in the Bilingual Education Programs will be necessary to avoid sending a skewed image of policy making whereby policies are made to favor some minority groups. Therefore , the reinstitution of such a policy will not only cover the Native American Indians but all the minority groups. Setting the Bilingual Education policy to cover only the Native American Indians, as noted above, will appear skewed and will actually be a ground for the propagations of discrimination as there are other minority groups, which will likely benefit from the policy. To avoid such damning condemnation of propagating discrimination through skewed policies, all the minority groups will have to be included in the policy. This will raise the question of funding of the bilingual education programs. I believe that the proceedings which will be realized from the oil exploitation should be used to fund the Bilingual Educations Programs. It will not make much sense to let a culture get lost just because there is an issue with funding. The native Indians are citizens and as such the government has a responsibility to enhance their survival as well as their culture. Going by census ca rried out, it can be proven that the America Indians need to be assisted in sustain their culture. As at 2010, the American Indians made up only 1 percent of the total population of the U.S. The native languages have been eroded with time. The state of California has the highest populace of American Indians, and therefore, it should be on the forefront to stand by the American Indians. There are enough statistics showing that the native languages are dying out. A research carried out on America Indians, and Alaska Natives showed that:Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Linguistics in Educational Programs specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Dozens of Indian languages are in danger of being forgotten and dying, unless more is done to make them a tool for everyday communication. Of the roughly 300 documented Indian languages, only 175 are still spoken today, and 70-percent of those are spoken only by a handful of Indians in their 70s, which increases the likelihood they will die. (NEA 2) According to the National Education Association (NEA) which gave the above statistics in 2006, the situation, in regard to the American Indian native language, is not very promising. The National Education Association (NEA) reported that there were concerted efforts by Native educators to ensure that the native languages are preserved and revived (NEA 3). It is therefore, in line that California should join hands with these people and help in the revitalization and preservation of the native Indian languages. The National Education Association (NEA) has claimed that the Bilingual Education Programs have not negative influence on the kids but instead the work positively towards developing children: Students at The Navajo Language School between the Meadows appear to be more comfortable in dealing with education in larger mainstream schools when they leave. Because they are comfortable with their own culture and know who they are, they’re capable of higher achievement levels. And their knowledge of the Navajo language seems to be a major contributing factor. (NEA 3) It is also worth noting that the reinstitution may not be an easy task to be carried out. Stiff opposition will be expected as it was just in 1998 that proposition 227 was passed (California 1) and overturning it may lead to some pertinent questions being raised as to whether the California education is meant for experimentation. The motive behind reinstitution of the bilingual education policy will raise eyebrows from the general public. However, it is worth noting that the proposition 277 has not done much good. As noted above, there are student who are well off with the Bilingual Education Programs. According to Barker, Noels and Hecth, the English only policy is creating linguistic complication among some students.Advertising Looking for essay on linguistics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This of course only applies to the minority language speakers. It has been argued that the English only movement has a negative effect on the people who do not speak English as their first language (Barker, Noels and Hecth 1). It should, however, be noted that the proposition 277 does not have to be completely overturned because in its status quo, it has some loopholes, which can be used to propagate the Bilingual Programs. The proposal allows for the waiver of its restrictions in some circumstances. As a matter of fact, the parent only needs to request for waivers, and their children will be enrolled in the Bilingual Education Programs. As a matter of fact, a number of schools in Orange County, California has been exercising the power of waivers; the most common of such schools is Santa Ana (Sacchetti 1). Therefore, it would be very hard for the American Indians to have their way into the Bilingual Education Programs without raising much alarm. The parents only need to request for waivers for their children after they have met some conditions. The experience of the Oakland Ebonics proposal is likely to resurface in such a scenario. To counter this, I will only need to show that the Oakland proposal was set in a situation which was completely different from the current situation in hand and hence its precedence cannot be used in the current situation. For instance, Ebonics unlike the American Indian language has many grammar similarities with the standards English. Actually, Ebonics is a modification of the American English. The Ebonics proposal failed in Oakland because the people for whom it was meant to help rejected it. This is in contrast to our current case because those whom the native language is meant to help have actually demanded for it (Rickford 1). Since some of the oil reserve extends to Arizona, this will present a hard nut to crack taking into consideration that proposal 203 of the state of Arizona does not have many loopholes as proposal 207. The two governors should sit down and discuss the way forward on this. Conclusion Bilingual Education Programs are good and can play a big role in helping students to excel in academics. The request by the California Indians Council should be allowed. The American Indians parents should be guarded on the loopholes available to make use of the Bilingual Education Programs. This will go a long way to preserve the culture of the Native American Indians. Works Cited Barker, Giles, Noels Duck, and Hecht Clement. â€Å"The English-only movement: a communication analysis of changing perceptions of language vitality.† Journal of Communication 51.1(2001): 3-37. Print. California. â€Å"Proposal 227.† English Language in Public Schools, n.d. Web. NEA. â€Å"American Indians/Alaska Natives.† Focus On, 2006. Web. Rickford, John. â€Å"What is Ebonics (African American vernacular English).† Linguistic Society of America, 2011. Web. Sacchetti, Maria. â€Å"Bilingual c lasses may get review.† AZ Bilingualed, 2003. Web. 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Are Unions in the 21st Century essays

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